Lady Maria Montessori graduated from University of Rome La Sapienza Medical School and then worked in Psychiatric Clinic of University of Rome La Sapienza, so she had opportunity to get in touch with the children with special need. During working, she realized intelligence development depended on hand operation. Hence according to the research of Itard and Seguin, she researched and developed proper teaching aids to help special children in learning, later on, those children passed the examination for common children in Rome, enabling her to be very famous and become a legendary figure at the time.

In order to understand the possibility of this method used for normal children, she returned University of Rome La Sapienza again to research anthropology, psychology and education until she established the first Children's Houses in San Lorenzo, Rome, where Lady Montessori researched and developed more teaching aids for the children with normal mind to enhance their potentiality, in addition, she experienced and understood the role should be played by an directress through observation.

In Children's Houses, Dr. Montessori the method applied to 3-6 years old children got striking achievements, so European newspapers contended to report Children's Houses, and the visitors came in an endless stream with high praise. Then all countries successively established Children's Houses and invited Montessori to open teacher training courses.